diff --git a/pallas-primitives/src/alonzo/model.rs b/pallas-primitives/src/alonzo/model.rs
index 3a0eab0..4062af0 100644
--- a/pallas-primitives/src/alonzo/model.rs
+++ b/pallas-primitives/src/alonzo/model.rs
@@ -282,6 +282,8 @@ pub type RewardAccount = ByteVec;
 
 pub type Withdrawals = KeyValuePairs<RewardAccount, Coin>;
 
+pub type RequiredSigners = MaybeIndefArray<AddrKeyhash>;
+
 pub type Port = u32;
 pub type IPv4 = ByteVec;
 pub type IPv6 = ByteVec;
@@ -742,7 +744,7 @@ pub struct TransactionBody {
     pub collateral: Option<MaybeIndefArray<TransactionInput>>,
 
     #[n(14)]
-    pub required_signers: Option<MaybeIndefArray<AddrKeyhash>>,
+    pub required_signers: Option<RequiredSigners>,
 
     #[n(15)]
     pub network_id: Option<NetworkId>,
diff --git a/pallas-primitives/src/babbage/model.rs b/pallas-primitives/src/babbage/model.rs
index 91aba68..32cbb9f 100644
--- a/pallas-primitives/src/babbage/model.rs
+++ b/pallas-primitives/src/babbage/model.rs
@@ -113,6 +113,10 @@ pub use crate::alonzo::MoveInstantaneousReward;
 
 pub use crate::alonzo::RewardAccount;
 
+pub type Withdrawals = KeyValuePairs<RewardAccount, Coin>;
+
+pub type RequiredSigners = MaybeIndefArray<AddrKeyhash>;
+
 pub use crate::alonzo::Port;
 
 pub use crate::alonzo::IPv4;
diff --git a/pallas-primitives/src/byron/model.rs b/pallas-primitives/src/byron/model.rs
index 3e201e6..3253207 100644
--- a/pallas-primitives/src/byron/model.rs
+++ b/pallas-primitives/src/byron/model.rs
@@ -693,13 +693,15 @@ pub struct BlockHead {
     pub extra_data: BlockHeadEx,
 }
 
+pub type Witnesses = MaybeIndefArray<Twit>;
+
 #[derive(Debug, Encode, Decode)]
 pub struct TxPayload {
     #[n(0)]
     pub transaction: Tx,
 
     #[n(1)]
-    pub witness: MaybeIndefArray<Twit>,
+    pub witness: Witnesses,
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Encode, Decode, Clone)]
@@ -708,7 +710,7 @@ pub struct MintedTxPayload<'b> {
     pub transaction: KeepRaw<'b, Tx>,
 
     #[n(1)]
-    pub witness: MaybeIndefArray<Twit>,
+    pub witness: KeepRaw<'b, Witnesses>,
 }
 
 #[derive(Encode, Decode, Debug)]
diff --git a/pallas-traverse/src/block.rs b/pallas-traverse/src/block.rs
index bf89c94..f65e0c0 100644
--- a/pallas-traverse/src/block.rs
+++ b/pallas-traverse/src/block.rs
@@ -13,61 +13,49 @@ impl<'b> MultiEraBlock<'b> {
         let (_, block): BlockWrapper<byron::MintedEbBlock> =
             minicbor::decode(cbor).map_err(Error::invalid_cbor)?;
 
-        Ok(Self::EpochBoundary(Box::new(Cow::Owned(block))))
+        Ok(Self::EpochBoundary(Box::new(block)))
     }
 
     pub fn decode_byron(cbor: &'b [u8]) -> Result<Self, Error> {
         let (_, block): BlockWrapper<byron::MintedBlock> =
             minicbor::decode(cbor).map_err(Error::invalid_cbor)?;
 
-        Ok(Self::Byron(Box::new(Cow::Owned(block))))
+        Ok(Self::Byron(Box::new(block)))
     }
 
     pub fn decode_shelley(cbor: &'b [u8]) -> Result<Self, Error> {
         let (_, block): BlockWrapper<alonzo::MintedBlock> =
             minicbor::decode(cbor).map_err(Error::invalid_cbor)?;
 
-        Ok(Self::AlonzoCompatible(
-            Box::new(Cow::Owned(block)),
-            Era::Shelley,
-        ))
+        Ok(Self::AlonzoCompatible(Box::new(block), Era::Shelley))
     }
 
     pub fn decode_allegra(cbor: &'b [u8]) -> Result<Self, Error> {
         let (_, block): BlockWrapper<alonzo::MintedBlock> =
             minicbor::decode(cbor).map_err(Error::invalid_cbor)?;
 
-        Ok(Self::AlonzoCompatible(
-            Box::new(Cow::Owned(block)),
-            Era::Allegra,
-        ))
+        Ok(Self::AlonzoCompatible(Box::new(block), Era::Allegra))
     }
 
     pub fn decode_mary(cbor: &'b [u8]) -> Result<Self, Error> {
         let (_, block): BlockWrapper<alonzo::MintedBlock> =
             minicbor::decode(cbor).map_err(Error::invalid_cbor)?;
 
-        Ok(Self::AlonzoCompatible(
-            Box::new(Cow::Owned(block)),
-            Era::Mary,
-        ))
+        Ok(Self::AlonzoCompatible(Box::new(block), Era::Mary))
     }
 
     pub fn decode_alonzo(cbor: &'b [u8]) -> Result<Self, Error> {
         let (_, block): BlockWrapper<alonzo::MintedBlock> =
             minicbor::decode(cbor).map_err(Error::invalid_cbor)?;
 
-        Ok(Self::AlonzoCompatible(
-            Box::new(Cow::Owned(block)),
-            Era::Alonzo,
-        ))
+        Ok(Self::AlonzoCompatible(Box::new(block), Era::Alonzo))
     }
 
     pub fn decode_babbage(cbor: &'b [u8]) -> Result<Self, Error> {
         let (_, block): BlockWrapper<babbage::MintedBlock> =
             minicbor::decode(cbor).map_err(Error::invalid_cbor)?;
 
-        Ok(Self::Babbage(Box::new(Cow::Owned(block))))
+        Ok(Self::Babbage(Box::new(block)))
     }
 
     pub fn decode(cbor: &'b [u8]) -> Result<MultiEraBlock<'b>, Error> {
diff --git a/pallas-traverse/src/header.rs b/pallas-traverse/src/header.rs
index 85b85de..a64c62b 100644
--- a/pallas-traverse/src/header.rs
+++ b/pallas-traverse/src/header.rs
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 use std::borrow::Cow;
+use std::ops::Deref;
 
 use pallas_codec::minicbor;
 use pallas_crypto::hash::{Hash, Hasher};
-use pallas_primitives::ToHash;
+use pallas_primitives::{alonzo, babbage, byron, ToHash};
 
 use crate::Era::Byron;
 use crate::{Error, MultiEraHeader};
@@ -97,4 +98,32 @@ impl<'b> MultiEraHeader<'b> {
             MultiEraHeader::Byron(_) => Err(Error::InvalidEra(Byron)),
         }
     }
+
+    pub fn as_eb(&self) -> Option<&byron::EbbHead> {
+        match self {
+            MultiEraHeader::EpochBoundary(x) => Some(x.deref().deref()),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn as_byron(&self) -> Option<&byron::BlockHead> {
+        match self {
+            MultiEraHeader::Byron(x) => Some(x.deref().deref()),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn as_alonzo(&self) -> Option<&alonzo::Header> {
+        match self {
+            MultiEraHeader::AlonzoCompatible(x) => Some(x.deref().deref()),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn as_babbage(&self) -> Option<&babbage::Header> {
+        match self {
+            MultiEraHeader::Babbage(x) => Some(x.deref().deref()),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/pallas-traverse/src/lib.rs b/pallas-traverse/src/lib.rs
index 33fab3f..fa213ee 100644
--- a/pallas-traverse/src/lib.rs
+++ b/pallas-traverse/src/lib.rs
@@ -18,9 +18,11 @@ pub mod meta;
 pub mod mint;
 pub mod output;
 pub mod probe;
+pub mod signers;
 mod support;
 pub mod tx;
 pub mod withdrawals;
+pub mod witnesses;
 
 #[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
 #[non_exhaustive]
@@ -56,10 +58,10 @@ pub enum MultiEraHeader<'b> {
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 #[non_exhaustive]
 pub enum MultiEraBlock<'b> {
-    EpochBoundary(Box<Cow<'b, byron::MintedEbBlock<'b>>>),
-    AlonzoCompatible(Box<Cow<'b, alonzo::MintedBlock<'b>>>, Era),
-    Babbage(Box<Cow<'b, babbage::MintedBlock<'b>>>),
-    Byron(Box<Cow<'b, byron::MintedBlock<'b>>>),
+    EpochBoundary(Box<byron::MintedEbBlock<'b>>),
+    AlonzoCompatible(Box<alonzo::MintedBlock<'b>>, Era),
+    Babbage(Box<babbage::MintedBlock<'b>>),
+    Byron(Box<byron::MintedBlock<'b>>),
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
@@ -97,7 +99,7 @@ pub enum MultiEraCert<'b> {
 pub enum MultiEraMeta<'b> {
     NotApplicable,
     Empty,
-    AlonzoCompatible(Cow<'b, alonzo::Metadata>),
+    AlonzoCompatible(&'b alonzo::Metadata),
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
@@ -105,7 +107,7 @@ pub enum MultiEraMeta<'b> {
 pub enum MultiEraMint<'b> {
     NotApplicable,
     Empty,
-    AlonzoCompatible(Cow<'b, alonzo::Mint>),
+    AlonzoCompatible(&'b alonzo::Mint),
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
@@ -113,7 +115,23 @@ pub enum MultiEraMint<'b> {
 pub enum MultiEraWithdrawals<'b> {
     NotApplicable,
     Empty,
-    AlonzoCompatible(Cow<'b, alonzo::Withdrawals>),
+    AlonzoCompatible(&'b alonzo::Withdrawals),
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+#[non_exhaustive]
+pub enum MultiEraSigners<'b> {
+    NotApplicable,
+    Empty,
+    AlonzoCompatible(&'b alonzo::RequiredSigners),
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+#[non_exhaustive]
+pub enum MultiEraWitnesses<'b> {
+    Byron(&'b KeepRaw<'b, byron::Witnesses>),
+    AlonzoCompatible(&'b KeepRaw<'b, alonzo::TransactionWitnessSet>),
+    Babbage(&'b KeepRaw<'b, babbage::TransactionWitnessSet>),
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
diff --git a/pallas-traverse/src/meta.rs b/pallas-traverse/src/meta.rs
index e87a423..6537e1c 100644
--- a/pallas-traverse/src/meta.rs
+++ b/pallas-traverse/src/meta.rs
@@ -34,12 +34,9 @@ impl<'b> MultiEraMeta<'b> {
         T: FromIterator<(&'a alonzo::MetadatumLabel, &'a alonzo::Metadatum)>,
     {
         match self {
-            MultiEraMeta::NotApplicable => T::from_iter(std::iter::empty()),
-            MultiEraMeta::Empty => T::from_iter(std::iter::empty()),
-            MultiEraMeta::AlonzoCompatible(x) => {
-                let iter = x.iter().map(|(k, v)| (k, v));
-                T::from_iter(iter)
-            }
+            MultiEraMeta::NotApplicable => std::iter::empty().collect(),
+            MultiEraMeta::Empty => std::iter::empty().collect(),
+            MultiEraMeta::AlonzoCompatible(x) => x.iter().map(|(k, v)| (k, v)).collect(),
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/pallas-traverse/src/signers.rs b/pallas-traverse/src/signers.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c691d4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pallas-traverse/src/signers.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+use pallas_crypto::hash::Hash;
+use pallas_primitives::alonzo;
+
+use crate::MultiEraSigners;
+
+impl Default for MultiEraSigners<'_> {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::Empty
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'b> MultiEraSigners<'b> {
+    pub fn as_alonzo(&self) -> Option<&alonzo::RequiredSigners> {
+        match self {
+            Self::AlonzoCompatible(x) => Some(x),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
+        match self {
+            Self::AlonzoCompatible(x) => x.is_empty(),
+            _ => true,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn collect<'a, T>(&'a self) -> T
+    where
+        T: FromIterator<&'a Hash<28>>,
+    {
+        match self {
+            Self::NotApplicable => std::iter::empty().collect(),
+            Self::Empty => std::iter::empty().collect(),
+            Self::AlonzoCompatible(x) => x.iter().collect(),
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/pallas-traverse/src/tx.rs b/pallas-traverse/src/tx.rs
index 20e4dc0..422ed20 100644
--- a/pallas-traverse/src/tx.rs
+++ b/pallas-traverse/src/tx.rs
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ use pallas_primitives::{
 use std::{borrow::Cow, ops::Deref};
 
 use crate::{
-    Era, MultiEraCert, MultiEraInput, MultiEraMeta, MultiEraMint, MultiEraOutput, MultiEraTx,
-    MultiEraWithdrawals,
+    Era, MultiEraCert, MultiEraInput, MultiEraMeta, MultiEraMint, MultiEraOutput, MultiEraSigners,
+    MultiEraTx, MultiEraWithdrawals, MultiEraWitnesses,
 };
 
 impl<'b> MultiEraTx<'b> {
@@ -160,13 +160,13 @@ impl<'b> MultiEraTx<'b> {
                 .transaction_body
                 .mint
                 .as_ref()
-                .map(|c| MultiEraMint::AlonzoCompatible(Cow::Borrowed(c)))
+                .map(MultiEraMint::AlonzoCompatible)
                 .unwrap_or_default(),
             MultiEraTx::Babbage(x) => x
                 .transaction_body
                 .mint
                 .as_ref()
-                .map(|c| MultiEraMint::AlonzoCompatible(Cow::Borrowed(c)))
+                .map(MultiEraMint::AlonzoCompatible)
                 .unwrap_or_default(),
             MultiEraTx::Byron(_) => MultiEraMint::NotApplicable,
         }
@@ -192,14 +192,14 @@ impl<'b> MultiEraTx<'b> {
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn withdrawals(&'b self) -> MultiEraWithdrawals<'b> {
+    pub fn withdrawals(&self) -> MultiEraWithdrawals {
         match self {
             MultiEraTx::AlonzoCompatible(x, _) => match &x.transaction_body.withdrawals {
-                Some(x) => MultiEraWithdrawals::AlonzoCompatible(Cow::Borrowed(x)),
+                Some(x) => MultiEraWithdrawals::AlonzoCompatible(x),
                 None => MultiEraWithdrawals::Empty,
             },
             MultiEraTx::Babbage(x) => match &x.transaction_body.withdrawals {
-                Some(x) => MultiEraWithdrawals::AlonzoCompatible(Cow::Borrowed(x)),
+                Some(x) => MultiEraWithdrawals::AlonzoCompatible(x),
                 None => MultiEraWithdrawals::Empty,
             },
             MultiEraTx::Byron(_) => MultiEraWithdrawals::NotApplicable,
@@ -214,23 +214,51 @@ impl<'b> MultiEraTx<'b> {
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn metadata(&'b self) -> MultiEraMeta<'b> {
+    pub fn metadata(&self) -> MultiEraMeta {
         match self.aux_data() {
             Some(x) => match x.deref() {
-                AuxiliaryData::Shelley(x) => MultiEraMeta::AlonzoCompatible(Cow::Borrowed(x)),
+                AuxiliaryData::Shelley(x) => MultiEraMeta::AlonzoCompatible(x),
                 AuxiliaryData::ShelleyMa(x) => {
-                    MultiEraMeta::AlonzoCompatible(Cow::Borrowed(&x.transaction_metadata))
+                    MultiEraMeta::AlonzoCompatible(&x.transaction_metadata)
                 }
                 AuxiliaryData::PostAlonzo(x) => x
                     .metadata
                     .as_ref()
-                    .map(|x| MultiEraMeta::AlonzoCompatible(Cow::Borrowed(x)))
+                    .map(MultiEraMeta::AlonzoCompatible)
                     .unwrap_or_default(),
             },
             None => MultiEraMeta::Empty,
         }
     }
 
+    pub fn required_signers(&self) -> MultiEraSigners {
+        match self {
+            MultiEraTx::AlonzoCompatible(x, _) => x
+                .transaction_body
+                .required_signers
+                .as_ref()
+                .map(MultiEraSigners::AlonzoCompatible)
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
+            MultiEraTx::Babbage(x) => x
+                .transaction_body
+                .required_signers
+                .as_ref()
+                .map(MultiEraSigners::AlonzoCompatible)
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
+            MultiEraTx::Byron(_) => MultiEraSigners::NotApplicable,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn witnesses(&self) -> MultiEraWitnesses {
+        match self {
+            MultiEraTx::AlonzoCompatible(x, _) => {
+                MultiEraWitnesses::AlonzoCompatible(&x.transaction_witness_set)
+            }
+            MultiEraTx::Babbage(x) => MultiEraWitnesses::Babbage(&x.transaction_witness_set),
+            MultiEraTx::Byron(x) => MultiEraWitnesses::Byron(&x.witness),
+        }
+    }
+
     pub fn is_valid(&self) -> bool {
         match self {
             MultiEraTx::AlonzoCompatible(x, _) => x.success,
diff --git a/pallas-traverse/src/withdrawals.rs b/pallas-traverse/src/withdrawals.rs
index 4afbee1..289ece3 100644
--- a/pallas-traverse/src/withdrawals.rs
+++ b/pallas-traverse/src/withdrawals.rs
@@ -22,11 +22,10 @@ impl<'b> MultiEraWithdrawals<'b> {
         T: FromIterator<(&'a [u8], u64)>,
     {
         match self {
-            MultiEraWithdrawals::NotApplicable => T::from_iter(std::iter::empty()),
-            MultiEraWithdrawals::Empty => T::from_iter(std::iter::empty()),
+            MultiEraWithdrawals::NotApplicable => std::iter::empty().collect(),
+            MultiEraWithdrawals::Empty => std::iter::empty().collect(),
             MultiEraWithdrawals::AlonzoCompatible(x) => {
-                let iter = x.iter().map(|(k, v)| (k.as_slice(), v.into()));
-                T::from_iter(iter)
+                x.iter().map(|(k, v)| (k.as_slice(), v.into())).collect()
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/pallas-traverse/src/witnesses.rs b/pallas-traverse/src/witnesses.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dbc0da7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pallas-traverse/src/witnesses.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+use pallas_primitives::{alonzo, babbage};
+
+use crate::MultiEraWitnesses;
+
+impl<'b> MultiEraWitnesses<'b> {
+    pub fn as_alonzo(&self) -> Option<&alonzo::TransactionWitnessSet> {
+        match self {
+            Self::AlonzoCompatible(x) => Some(x),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn as_babbage(&self) -> Option<&babbage::TransactionWitnessSet> {
+        match self {
+            Self::Babbage(x) => Some(x),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn cbor(&self) -> &[u8] {
+        match self {
+            MultiEraWitnesses::AlonzoCompatible(x) => x.raw_cbor(),
+            MultiEraWitnesses::Babbage(x) => x.raw_cbor(),
+            MultiEraWitnesses::Byron(x) => x.raw_cbor(),
+        }
+    }
+}