Add catchingExceptions method to replace runCatching (#4797)

- Add `runCatchingExceptions` and `mapCatchingExceptions` to replace `runCatching` and `mapCatching`.
- Make `tryOrNull { ... }` catch only exceptions too.
- Apply the changes to the whole project.
- Add new Rust fakes for tests to handle the code that's now unblocked - previously it just threw an `UnsatisfiedLinkError` which we ignored.
- Add a new `detekt-rules` project with a `RunCatchingRule` to prevent `runCatching` and `mapCatching` usages.

tests/detekt-rules/src/main/kotlin/io/element/android/detektrules/ElementRuleSetProvider.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2025 New Vector Ltd.
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-only OR LicenseRef-Element-Commercial
+ * Please see LICENSE files in the repository root for full details.
+ */
+
+package io.element.android.detektrules
+
+import io.gitlab.arturbosch.detekt.api.Config
+import io.gitlab.arturbosch.detekt.api.RuleSet
+import io.gitlab.arturbosch.detekt.api.RuleSetProvider
+
+class ElementRuleSetProvider : RuleSetProvider {
+    override val ruleSetId: String = "ElementXRules"
+
+    override fun instance(config: Config): RuleSet = RuleSet(
+        id = ruleSetId,
+        rules = listOf(
+            RunCatchingRule(config),
+        )
+    )
+}

tests/detekt-rules/src/main/kotlin/io/element/android/detektrules/RunCatchingRule.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2025 New Vector Ltd.
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-only OR LicenseRef-Element-Commercial
+ * Please see LICENSE files in the repository root for full details.
+ */
+
+package io.element.android.detektrules
+
+import io.gitlab.arturbosch.detekt.api.CodeSmell
+import io.gitlab.arturbosch.detekt.api.Config
+import io.gitlab.arturbosch.detekt.api.Debt
+import io.gitlab.arturbosch.detekt.api.Entity
+import io.gitlab.arturbosch.detekt.api.Issue
+import io.gitlab.arturbosch.detekt.api.Rule
+import io.gitlab.arturbosch.detekt.api.Severity
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.psi.KtCallExpression
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.psi.psiUtil.getCallNameExpression
+
+class RunCatchingRule(config: Config) : Rule(config) {
+    override val issue: Issue = Issue(
+        id = "RunCatchingNotAllowed",
+        severity = Severity.Style,
+        description = "Avoid using `runCatching`, use `runCatchingExceptions` or `tryOrNull` instead. " +
+            "Avoid `mapCatching`, use `mapCatchingExceptions` instead.",
+        debt = Debt.FIVE_MINS,
+    )
+
+    override fun visitCallExpression(expression: KtCallExpression) {
+        super.visitCallExpression(expression)
+
+        val callNameExpression = expression.getCallNameExpression() ?: return
+        val hasRunCatchingCall = callNameExpression.text == "runCatching"
+        val hasMapCatchingCall = callNameExpression.text == "mapCatching"
+        if (hasRunCatchingCall || hasMapCatchingCall) {
+            report(CodeSmell(
+                issue = issue,
+                entity = Entity.from(expression),
+                message = "Use `runCatchingExceptions` or `tryOrNull` instead of `runCatching`. Avoid `mapCatching`, use `mapCatchingExceptions` instead."
+            ))
+        }
+    }
+}

tests/detekt-rules/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/io.gitlab.arturbosch.detekt.api.RuleSetProvider

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+io.element.android.detektrules.ElementRuleSetProvider

tests/detekt-rules/src/test/kotlin/io/element/android/detektrules/RunCatchingRuleTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2025 New Vector Ltd.
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-only OR LicenseRef-Element-Commercial
+ * Please see LICENSE files in the repository root for full details.
+ */
+
+package io.element.android.detektrules
+
+import com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat
+import io.gitlab.arturbosch.detekt.api.Config
+import io.gitlab.arturbosch.detekt.test.compileAndLint
+import org.junit.Test
+
+class RunCatchingRuleTest {
+    private val subject = RunCatchingRule(Config.empty)
+
+    @Test
+    fun `test RunCatchingRule`() {
+        val findings = subject.compileAndLint(code)
+        assertThat(findings).hasSize(3)
+    }
+
+    private val code = """
+        object Foo {
+            fun bar() {
+                runCatching {}
+                kotlin.runCatching {}
+                Result.success(true).mapCatching { false }
+            }
+        }
+        """.trimIndent()
+}