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rustypipe/src/deobfuscate.rs
2024-12-13 22:36:01 +01:00

594 lines
22 KiB
Rust

use std::collections::HashMap;
use once_cell::sync::Lazy;
use regex::Regex;
use reqwest::Client;
use ress::tokens::Token;
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
use crate::{
error::{internal::DeobfError, Error},
report::{Level, Report, Reporter, RustyPipeInfo},
util,
};
pub struct Deobfuscator {
ctx: quick_js::Context,
}
#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub struct DeobfData {
pub js_url: String,
pub sig_fn: String,
pub nsig_fn: String,
pub sts: String,
}
impl DeobfData {
/// Download and extract the latest deobfuscation data from YouTube
///
/// Creates a report if the data could not be extracted
pub async fn extract(http: Client, reporter: Option<&dyn Reporter>) -> Result<Self, Error> {
let js_url = get_player_js_url(&http).await?;
let player_js = get_response(&http, &js_url).await?;
tracing::debug!("downloaded player.js from {}", js_url);
let res = Self::extract_fns(&js_url, &player_js);
if let Err(e) = &res {
if let Some(reporter) = reporter {
let report = Report {
info: RustyPipeInfo::new(None),
level: Level::ERR,
operation: "extract_deobf",
error: Some(e.to_string()),
msgs: vec![],
deobf_data: None,
http_request: crate::report::HTTPRequest {
url: &js_url,
method: "GET",
req_header: None,
req_body: None,
status: 200,
resp_body: player_js,
},
};
reporter.report(&report);
}
}
res
}
pub fn extract_fns(js_url: &str, player_js: &str) -> Result<Self, Error> {
let sig_fn = get_sig_fn(player_js)?;
let nsig_fn = get_nsig_fn(player_js)?;
let sts = get_sts(player_js)?;
Ok(Self {
js_url: js_url.to_owned(),
sig_fn,
nsig_fn,
sts,
})
}
}
impl Deobfuscator {
/// Instantiate a new deobfuscator with the given data
pub fn new(data: &DeobfData) -> Result<Self, DeobfError> {
let ctx =
quick_js::Context::new().or(Err(DeobfError::Other("could not create QuickJS rt")))?;
ctx.eval(&data.sig_fn)?;
ctx.eval(&data.nsig_fn)?;
Ok(Self { ctx })
}
/// Deobfuscate the `s` parameter from the `signature_cipher` field
pub fn deobfuscate_sig(&self, sig: &str) -> Result<String, DeobfError> {
let res = self.ctx.call_function(DEOBF_SIG_FUNC_NAME, [sig])?;
res.into_string()
.ok_or(DeobfError::Other("sig deobfuscation fn returned no string"))
}
/// Deobfuscate the `n` stream URL parameter to circumvent throttling
pub fn deobfuscate_nsig(&self, nsig: &str) -> Result<String, DeobfError> {
let res = self.ctx.call_function(DEOBF_NSIG_FUNC_NAME, [nsig])?;
let res = res.into_string().ok_or(DeobfError::Other(
"nsig deobfuscation fn returned no string",
))?;
tracing::debug!("deobf nsig: {nsig} -> {res}");
if res.starts_with("enhanced_except_") || res.ends_with(nsig) {
return Err(DeobfError::Other("nsig fn returned an exception"));
}
Ok(res)
}
}
const DEOBF_SIG_FUNC_NAME: &str = "deobf_sig";
const DEOBF_NSIG_FUNC_NAME: &str = "deobf_nsig";
fn get_sig_fn_name(player_js: &str) -> Result<String, DeobfError> {
let pattern = [
r#"\b(?P<var>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)&&\((?P=var)=(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2,})\(decodeURIComponent\((?P=var)\)\)"#,
r#"(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\s*=\s*function\(\s*(?P<arg>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\s*\)\s*{\s*(?P=arg)\s*=\s*(?P=arg)\.split\(\s*""\s*\)\s*;\s*[^}]+;\s*return\s+(?P=arg)\.join\(\s*""\s*\)"#,
r#"(?:\b|[^a-zA-Z0-9$])(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2,})\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\)(?:;[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2}\.[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2}\(a,\d+\))?"#,
r#"\b[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\("#,
r#"\b[a-zA-Z0-9]+\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\("#,
r#"\bm=(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2,})\(decodeURIComponent\(h\.s\)\)"#,
];
util::get_cg_from_fancy_regexes(&pattern, player_js, "sig")
.ok_or(DeobfError::Extraction("deobf function name"))
}
fn caller_function(mapped_name: &str, fn_name: &str) -> String {
format!("var {mapped_name}={fn_name};")
}
fn get_sig_fn(player_js: &str) -> Result<String, DeobfError> {
let dfunc_name = get_sig_fn_name(player_js)?;
let function_pattern_str = format!(
r#"({}=function\([a-zA-Z0-9_]+\)\{{.+?\}})"#,
dfunc_name.replace('$', "\\$")
);
let function_pattern = Regex::new(&function_pattern_str)
.map_err(|_| DeobfError::Other("could not parse function pattern regex"))?;
let deobfuscate_function = format!(
"var {};",
&function_pattern
.captures(player_js)
.ok_or(DeobfError::Extraction("deobf function"))?[1]
);
static HELPER_OBJECT_NAME_REGEX: Lazy<Regex> =
Lazy::new(|| Regex::new(r";([A-Za-z0-9_\$]{2,3})\...\(").unwrap());
let helper_object_name = HELPER_OBJECT_NAME_REGEX
.captures(&deobfuscate_function)
.ok_or(DeobfError::Extraction("helper object name"))?
.get(1)
.unwrap()
.as_str();
let helper_pattern_str = format!(
r#"(var {}=\{{.+?\}}\}};)"#,
helper_object_name.replace('$', "\\$")
);
let helper_pattern = Regex::new(&helper_pattern_str)
.map_err(|_| DeobfError::Other("could not parse helper pattern regex"))?;
let player_js_nonl = player_js.replace('\n', "");
let helper_object = &helper_pattern
.captures(&player_js_nonl)
.ok_or(DeobfError::Extraction("helper object"))?[1];
let js_fn = helper_object.to_owned()
+ &deobfuscate_function
+ &caller_function(DEOBF_SIG_FUNC_NAME, &dfunc_name);
verify_fn(&js_fn, DEOBF_SIG_FUNC_NAME)?;
tracing::debug!("successfully extracted sig fn `{dfunc_name}`");
Ok(js_fn)
}
fn get_nsig_fn_names(player_js: &str) -> impl Iterator<Item = String> + '_ {
static FUNCTION_NAME_REGEX: Lazy<Regex> = Lazy::new(|| {
// x.get( .. y=functionName[array_num](z) .. x.set(
Regex::new(r#"(?:\w\.get\(|index\.m3u8).+\w=(\w{2,})\[(\d+)\]\(\w\).+\w\.set\("#).unwrap()
});
FUNCTION_NAME_REGEX
.captures_iter(player_js)
.filter_map(|fname_match| {
let function_name = &fname_match[1];
let array_num = fname_match[2].parse::<usize>().ok()?;
let array_pattern_str =
format!(r#"var {}\s*=\s*\[(.+?)]"#, regex::escape(function_name));
let array_pattern = Regex::new(&array_pattern_str).ok()?;
let array_str = &array_pattern.captures(player_js)?[1];
array_str.split(',').nth(array_num).map(str::to_owned)
})
}
fn extract_js_fn(js: &str, offset: usize, name: &str) -> Result<String, DeobfError> {
let scan = ress::Scanner::new(&js[offset..]);
let mut state = 0;
let mut level = 0;
let mut start = 0;
let mut end = 0;
let mut period_before = false;
let mut last_ident = None;
let mut idents: HashMap<String, usize> = HashMap::new();
let global_objects = [
"NaN", "Infinity", "Object", "Function", "Boolean", "Symbol", "Error", "Number", "BigInt",
"Math", "Date", "String", "RegExp", "Array", "Map", "Set",
];
for item in scan {
let it = item?;
let token = it.token;
match state {
// Looking for fn name
0 => {
if token.matches_ident_str(name) {
state = 1;
start = it.span.start;
}
}
// Looking for equals
1 => {
if token.matches_punct(ress::tokens::Punct::Equal) {
state = 2;
} else {
state = 0;
}
}
2 => {
// Looking for begin/end braces
if token.matches_punct(ress::tokens::Punct::OpenBrace) {
level += 1;
} else if token.matches_punct(ress::tokens::Punct::CloseBrace) {
level -= 1;
if level == 0 {
end = it.span.end;
state = 3;
break;
}
}
if let Token::Ident(id) = &token {
if !period_before {
let id_str = id.to_string();
if !global_objects.contains(&id_str.as_str()) {
last_ident = Some(id.to_string());
}
}
} else if last_ident.is_some()
&& !token.matches_punct(ress::tokens::Punct::OpenParen)
{
let n = idents.entry(last_ident.unwrap()).or_default();
*n += 1;
last_ident = None;
} else {
last_ident = None;
}
}
_ => break,
};
period_before = token.matches_punct(ress::tokens::Punct::Period);
}
if state != 3 {
return Err(DeobfError::Extraction("javascript function"));
}
let fn_range = (offset + start)..(offset + end);
let mut code = format!("var {};", &js[fn_range.clone()]);
for (ident, _) in idents.into_iter().filter(|(_, v)| *v == 1) {
let var_pattern_str = format!(r#"\b{}\b\s*=[^=]"#, regex::escape(&ident));
let re = Regex::new(&var_pattern_str).unwrap();
let found_variable = re
.find_iter(js)
.filter(|m| !fn_range.contains(&m.start()) && !fn_range.contains(&m.end()))
.find_map(|m| extract_js_var(&js[m.start()..]));
if let Some(var_code) = found_variable {
let ctx = quick_js::Context::new()
.or(Err(DeobfError::Other("could not create QuickJS rt")))?;
if let Err(e) = ctx.eval(var_code) {
tracing::warn!("invalid var ({e}): {var_code}");
code = format!("var {ident}={{}}; {code}");
} else {
code = format!("var {var_code}; {code}");
}
}
}
Ok(code)
}
fn extract_js_var(js: &str) -> Option<&str> {
let scan = ress::Scanner::new(js);
let mut braces: Vec<u8> = Vec::new();
let mut end = 0;
let close_brace = |braces: &mut Vec<u8>, c: u8| -> Option<()> {
if let Some(brace) = braces.last() {
if *brace == c {
braces.pop();
Some(())
} else {
None
}
} else {
None
}
};
for item in scan {
let it = match item {
Ok(it) => it,
Err(e) => {
// If the variable definition is the last statement in a closure and followed by a }
// the scanner thinks the code is invalid
if e.msg == "unmatched close brace" && braces.is_empty() {
end = e.idx;
break;
} else {
return None;
}
}
};
let token = it.token;
if let Token::Punct(p) = &token {
match p {
ress::tokens::Punct::OpenBrace => braces.push(b'{'),
ress::tokens::Punct::OpenBracket => braces.push(b'['),
ress::tokens::Punct::OpenParen => braces.push(b'('),
ress::tokens::Punct::CloseBrace => close_brace(&mut braces, b'{')?,
ress::tokens::Punct::CloseBracket => close_brace(&mut braces, b'[')?,
ress::tokens::Punct::CloseParen => close_brace(&mut braces, b'(')?,
ress::tokens::Punct::Comma | ress::tokens::Punct::SemiColon => {
if braces.is_empty() {
end = it.span.start;
break;
}
}
_ => {}
}
}
}
if end > 0 {
Some(&js[0..end])
} else if braces.is_empty() {
Some(js)
} else {
None
}
}
/// Verify if the deobfuscation function successfully processes a random input string
fn verify_fn(js_fn: &str, fn_name: &str) -> Result<(), DeobfError> {
let ctx = quick_js::Context::new().or(Err(DeobfError::Other("could not create QuickJS rt")))?;
ctx.eval(js_fn)?;
let testinp = util::generate_content_playback_nonce();
let res = ctx
.call_function(fn_name, [testinp.to_owned()])?
.into_string()
.ok_or(DeobfError::Other("deobfuscation fn returned no string"))?;
if res.is_empty() {
return Err(DeobfError::Other("deobfuscation fn returned empty string"));
}
if res.starts_with("enhanced_except_") || res.ends_with(&testinp) {
return Err(DeobfError::Other("nsig fn returned an exception"));
}
Ok(())
}
fn get_nsig_fn(player_js: &str) -> Result<String, DeobfError> {
let extract_fn = |name: &str| -> Result<String, DeobfError> {
let function_base = format!("{name}=function");
let offset = player_js
.find(&function_base)
.ok_or(DeobfError::Extraction("could not find function base"))?;
let code = extract_js_fn(player_js, offset, name)?;
let js_fn = format!("{}{}", code, caller_function(DEOBF_NSIG_FUNC_NAME, name));
verify_fn(&js_fn, DEOBF_NSIG_FUNC_NAME)?;
tracing::debug!("successfully extracted nsig fn `{name}`");
Ok(js_fn)
};
util::find_map_or_last_err(
get_nsig_fn_names(player_js),
DeobfError::Extraction("nsig function name"),
|name| {
extract_fn(&name).map_err(|e| {
tracing::warn!("Failed to extract nsig fn `{name}`: {e}");
e
})
},
)
}
async fn get_player_js_url(http: &Client) -> Result<String, Error> {
let resp = http
.get("https://www.youtube.com/iframe_api")
.send()
.await?
.error_for_status()?;
let text = resp.text().await?;
static PLAYER_HASH_PATTERN: Lazy<Regex> = Lazy::new(|| {
Regex::new(r"https:\\/\\/www\.youtube\.com\\/s\\/player\\/([a-z0-9]{8})\\/").unwrap()
});
let player_hash = &PLAYER_HASH_PATTERN
.captures(&text)
.ok_or(DeobfError::Extraction("player hash"))?[1];
Ok(format!(
"https://www.youtube.com/s/player/{player_hash}/player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js"
))
}
async fn get_response(http: &Client, url: &str) -> Result<String, Error> {
let resp = http.get(url).send().await?.error_for_status()?;
Ok(resp.text().await?)
}
fn get_sts(player_js: &str) -> Result<String, DeobfError> {
static STS_PATTERN: Lazy<Regex> =
Lazy::new(|| Regex::new("signatureTimestamp[=:](\\d+)").unwrap());
Ok(STS_PATTERN
.captures(player_js)
.ok_or(DeobfError::Extraction("sts"))?[1]
.to_owned())
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
use crate::util::tests::TESTFILES;
use path_macro::path;
use rstest::{fixture, rstest};
use tracing_test::traced_test;
static TEST_JS: Lazy<String> = Lazy::new(|| {
let js_path = path!(*TESTFILES / "deobf" / "dummy_player.js");
std::fs::read_to_string(js_path).unwrap()
});
const SIG_DEOBF_FUNC: &str = r#"var qB={w8:function(a){a.reverse()},EC:function(a,b){var c=a[0];a[0]=a[b%a.length];a[b%a.length]=c},Np:function(a,b){a.splice(0,b)}};var Rva=function(a){a=a.split("");qB.Np(a,3);qB.w8(a,41);qB.EC(a,55);qB.Np(a,3);qB.w8(a,33);qB.Np(a,3);qB.EC(a,48);qB.EC(a,17);qB.EC(a,43);return a.join("")};var deobf_sig=Rva;"#;
const NSIG_DEOBF_FUNC: &str = r#"var Vo=function(a){var b=a.split(""),c=[function(d,e,f){var h=f.length;d.forEach(function(l,m,n){this.push(n[m]=f[(f.indexOf(l)-f.indexOf(this[m])+m+h--)%f.length])},e.split(""))},
928409064,-595856984,1403221911,653089124,-168714481,-1883008765,158931990,1346921902,361518508,1403221911,-362174697,-233641452,function(){for(var d=64,e=[];++d-e.length-32;){switch(d){case 91:d=44;continue;case 123:d=65;break;case 65:d-=18;continue;case 58:d=96;continue;case 46:d=95}e.push(String.fromCharCode(d))}return e},
b,158931990,791141857,-907319795,-1776185924,1595027902,-829736173,function(d,e){e=(e%d.length+d.length)%d.length;d.splice(0,1,d.splice(e,1,d[0])[0])},
-1274951142,function(){for(var d=64,e=[];++d-e.length-32;){switch(d){case 91:d=44;continue;case 123:d=65;break;case 65:d-=18;continue;case 58:d=96;continue;case 46:d=95}e.push(String.fromCharCode(d))}return e},
1758743891,function(d){d.reverse()},
-830417133,"AF43j",1942017693,function(d,e){e=(e%d.length+d.length)%d.length;d.splice(e,1)},
null,-959991459,-287691724,-1365731946,b,1250397544,-1883008765,-1912322658,b,1300441121,null,-1962382380,1954679120,function(d){for(var e=d.length;e;)d.push(d.splice(--e,1)[0])},
-985125467,function(d,e){for(e=(e%d.length+d.length)%d.length;e--;)d.unshift(d.pop())},
null,497372841,-1912651541,function(d,e){d.push(e)},
function(d,e){e=(e%d.length+d.length)%d.length;d.splice(-e).reverse().forEach(function(f){d.unshift(f)})},
function(d,e){e=(e%d.length+d.length)%d.length;var f=d[0];d[0]=d[e];d[e]=f}];
c[30]=c;c[40]=c;c[46]=c;try{c[43](c[34]),c[45](c[40],c[47]),c[46](c[51],c[33]),c[16](c[47],c[36]),c[38](c[31],c[49]),c[16](c[11],c[39]),c[0](c[11]),c[35](c[0],c[30]),c[35](c[4],c[17]),c[34](c[48],c[7],c[11]()),c[35](c[4],c[23]),c[35](c[4],c[9]),c[5](c[48],c[28]),c[36](c[46],c[16]),c[4](c[41],c[1]),c[4](c[16],c[28]),c[3](c[40],c[17]),c[9](c[8],c[23]),c[45](c[30],c[4]),c[50](c[3],c[28]),c[36](c[51],c[23]),c[14](c[0],c[24]),c[14](c[35],c[1]),c[20](c[51],c[41]),c[15](c[8],c[0]),c[31](c[35]),c[29](c[26]),
c[36](c[8],c[32]),c[20](c[25],c[10]),c[2](c[22],c[8]),c[32](c[20],c[16]),c[32](c[47],c[49]),c[1](c[44],c[28]),c[39](c[16]),c[32](c[42],c[22]),c[46](c[14],c[48]),c[26](c[29],c[10]),c[46](c[9],c[3]),c[32](c[45])}catch(d){return"enhanced_except_85UBjOr-_w8_"+a}return b.join("")};var deobf_nsig=Vo;"#;
#[fixture]
fn deobf() -> Deobfuscator {
Deobfuscator::new(&DeobfData {
js_url: String::default(),
sig_fn: SIG_DEOBF_FUNC.to_owned(),
nsig_fn: NSIG_DEOBF_FUNC.to_owned(),
sts: String::default(),
})
.unwrap()
}
#[test]
fn t_get_sig_fn_name() {
let dfunc_name = get_sig_fn_name(&TEST_JS).unwrap();
assert_eq!(dfunc_name, "Rva");
}
#[test]
fn t_get_sig_fn() {
let dcode = get_sig_fn(&TEST_JS).unwrap();
assert_eq!(dcode, SIG_DEOBF_FUNC);
}
#[rstest]
fn t_deobfuscate_sig(deobf: Deobfuscator) {
let dsig = deobf.deobfuscate_sig("GOqGOqGOq0QJ8wRAIgaryQHfplJ9xJSKFywyaSMHuuwZYsoMTAvRvfm51qIGECIA5061zWeyfMPX9hEl_U6f9J0tr7GTJMKyPf5XNrJb5fb5i").unwrap();
assert_eq!(dsig, "AOq0QJ8wRAIgaryQHmplJ9xJSKFywyaSMHuuwZYsoMTfvRviG51qIGECIA5061zWeyfMPX9hEl_U6f9J0tr7GTJMKyPf5XNrJb5f");
}
#[test]
fn t_get_nsig_fn_names() {
let names = get_nsig_fn_names(&TEST_JS).collect::<Vec<_>>();
assert_eq!(names, ["Vo"]);
}
#[test]
fn t_extract_js_fn() {
let base_js = "Wka = function(d){let x=10/2;return /,,[/,913,/](,)}/}let a = 42;";
let res = extract_js_fn(base_js, 0, "Wka").unwrap();
assert_eq!(
res,
"var Wka = function(d){let x=10/2;return /,,[/,913,/](,)}/};"
);
}
#[test]
fn t_extract_js_fn_eviljs() {
// Evil JavaScript code containing braces within strings and regular expressions
let base_js = "Wka = function(d){var x = [/,,/,913,/(,)}/,\"abcdef}\\\"\",];var y = 10/2/1;return x[1][y];}//some={}random-padding+;";
let res = extract_js_fn(base_js, 0, "Wka").unwrap();
assert_eq!(
res,
"var Wka = function(d){var x = [/,,/,913,/(,)}/,\"abcdef}\\\"\",];var y = 10/2/1;return x[1][y];};"
);
}
#[test]
fn t_extract_js_fn_outside_vars() {
// Function depending on outside variables
let base_js = "let a = 42;foo();var b=11;bar();Wka = function(d){var x=1+2+a*b;return x;}";
let res = extract_js_fn(base_js, 0, "Wka").unwrap();
assert!(
res == "var a = 42; var b=11; var Wka = function(d){var x=1+2+a*b;return x;};"
|| res == "var b=11; var a = 42; var Wka = function(d){var x=1+2+a*b;return x;};",
"got {res}"
);
}
#[test]
fn t_extract_js_fn_outside_vars2() {
// Function depending on outside variables
let base_js = "{let a = {v1:1,v2:2}}foo();Wka = function(d){var x=1+2+a.v1;return x;}";
let res = extract_js_fn(base_js, 0, "Wka").unwrap();
assert_eq!(
res,
"var a = {v1:1,v2:2}; var Wka = function(d){var x=1+2+a.v1;return x;};"
);
}
#[test]
fn t_extract_js_fn_outside_vars3() {
// Function depending on outside variables
let base_js = "Wka = function(d){var x=1+2+a[0];return x;};let a=[1,2,3]";
let res = extract_js_fn(base_js, 0, "Wka").unwrap();
assert_eq!(
res,
"var a=[1,2,3]; var Wka = function(d){var x=1+2+a[0];return x;};"
);
}
#[test]
fn t_get_nsig_fn() {
let res = get_nsig_fn(&TEST_JS).unwrap();
assert_eq!(res, NSIG_DEOBF_FUNC);
}
#[test]
fn t_get_sts() {
let res = get_sts(&TEST_JS).unwrap();
assert_eq!(res, "19187");
}
#[rstest]
fn t_deobfuscate_nsig(deobf: Deobfuscator) {
let res = deobf.deobfuscate_nsig("BI_n4PxQ22is-KKajKUW").unwrap();
assert_eq!(res, "nrkec0fwgTWolw");
}
#[tokio::test]
async fn t_get_player_js_url() {
let client = Client::new();
let url = get_player_js_url(&client).await.unwrap();
assert!(url.starts_with("https://www.youtube.com/s/player"));
assert_eq!(url.len(), 73);
}
#[tokio::test]
#[traced_test]
async fn t_update() {
let client = Client::new();
let deobf_data = DeobfData::extract(client, None).await.unwrap();
let deobf = Deobfuscator::new(&deobf_data).unwrap();
let deobf_sig = deobf.deobfuscate_sig("GOqGOqGOq0QJ8wRAIgaryQHfplJ9xJSKFywyaSMHuuwZYsoMTAvRvfm51qIGECIA5061zWeyfMPX9hEl_U6f9J0tr7GTJMKyPf5XNrJb5fb5i").unwrap();
assert!(deobf_sig.len() >= 100);
let deobf_nsig = deobf.deobfuscate_nsig("WHbZ-Nj2TSJxder").unwrap();
assert!(deobf_nsig.len() >= 6);
}
}